THE CONDITION ASSESSMENT OF HOTEL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

Topicality. In this article activities of collective accommodation facilities (CAF) in Ukrainian regions are analysed, in particular, hotel enterprises (accommodation fund). In the hotel market, the competition strengthening between hotels can be observed, that is from the world hotel concerns. Therefore, hotel enterprises are trying to increase their productivity and competitiveness by implementing effective organisation and management methods. this of five-star three-star Odeska, Kyivska and Ivano-Frankivska regions. Conclusions and discussions. Thus, the study highlights that the reduced demand for hotel enterprises services in crisis circumstances is the main problem of hotel business development. It is necessary to develop infrastructure, introduce innovation and project support for the hotel enterprises development, implicate investments in the economic sectors progress. In comparison with other real estate sectors, double standards, a significant payback period of hotel enterprises hinder the hotel potential amplification in the country. scientific and theoretical elaborations of blighty and foreign scholars on the problems of quality management of hotel services, information materials of statistical and reference publications,


The urgency of the problem
The problem formulation. Focusing on European standards and some transition to them is a distinctive feature of hotel business as one of the most promising areas in Ukraine. Hotel enterprises are looking to increase their profits, and are searching for good ways and effective tools in order to achieve the desired financial results. According to world standards, the accommodation fund in Ukraine is almost 10 times less than the European average. The latter necessitates the study of hotel enterprises and similar accommodation facilities.
Unresolved issues. Studies of collective accommodation facilities have not been conducted; problems of efficient hotel enterprises functioning have not been researched in detail, as well as ways of competitiveness preferment of enterprises in modern conditions.

Aim and methods of research
The aim of the study is to analyse the activity of collective accommodation facilities, to identify problems of effective hotel business functioning in Ukraine.
The methodological basis of the study is the assessment of the state of hotel business development in Ukraine through the study of CAF, hotels and similar accommodations.
Research methods: general scientific methods are used in this research: scientific and theoretical elaborations of blighty and foreign scholars on the problems of quality management of hotel services, information materials of statistical and reference publications, analysis, synthesis, generalisation, comparison.
The object of the study is the process of assessing the state and prospects of hotel business development in Ukraine.
The subject of the study is a set of theoretical and practical aspects of the state of hotel business amplification in Ukraine.
The scientific novelty of this research is to substantiate peculiarities of hotel business development in Ukraine in order to identify problems of its efficient functioning. Based on statistical data, CAF, hotel enterprises, amounts of rooms in hotels and similar accommodation facilities for the period from 2018 to 2020 are analysed. It is found out that the number of foreign tourists staying in hotels in 2020 has decreased significantly. The main reason is considered to be the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2020, a substantive amount of rooms is observed in hotels in Kyiv, and in Lvivska, Odeska, Kyivska, Ivano-Frankivska regions.
The informative basis of the study is legislative and normative acts, regulating hotel enterprises functioning, theoretical and methodological elaborations of blighty and foreign scientists, statistical materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.

Results of the research paper
An accommodation facility, in the terminology of the World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO), is any accommodation object that provides placing for overnight stays regularly or occasionally. According to international practice developed by UNWTO experts, accommodation facilities are divided into collective and individual. CAF are accommodations that provide placing in a room or other mean. The number of places must exceed a certain minimum for groups of persons larger than one single family. All places subject to a single management and payment in accordance with established prices (State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Main Department of Statistics in Lviv region, b.d.). Ukrainian legislation specifies accommodation facilities similar to hotels, and rules for using hotels. The Law of Ukraine «On Tourism» outlines such enterprises as «… enterprises of any organisational and legal form and ownership form, consisting of rooms and providing limited hotel services, including daily bedding, cleaning rooms and bathrooms» (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 1995).
Based on official data of State Service, for the period from 2018 to 2020, the statistics of similar accommodation means decreased from 4719 to 1337 un., which is -3382 un., and in percentage terms, it is 71,67 % accordinly (Table 1, Pic. 1). Accordingly, in 2018-2020, the number of rooms in collective accommodation facilities also decreased from 300 010 to 155 029 un., in other words, by -144 981 un., which is 48,33 % in percentage terms. These official data characterise the overall decrease in the number of rooms in hotels and similar accommodation means from 2018 to 2020, respectively, from 71 132 to 37 497 un. So, the decrease of -33 635 un. is observed, which is a deviation of 42,29 % (Pic. 1). A significant decrease in the quantity of hotels and similar accommodation facilities is observed in 2020 compared to 2018, respectively, 728 and 2777 un., which characterises the decrease by -2052 un. (Pic. 2).
Accordingly, the number of rooms in hotels for the period from 2018 to 2020 also decreased from 135 327 to 72 447 un., which is -62 880 un., the deviation is 46,47 %. The segment of five-star hotels has suffered more than three-and four-star hotels, due to a sharp drop in the flow of foreign tourists to Ukraine. It is interesting that in 2018-2019 the development of collective accommodation facilities belonging to natural persons-subjects of entrepreneurial activity has a positive tendency -3128 un., while CAF of legal entities are developing with a negative trend -1591 un. The reduction itself is 1537 un. The main reasons for the development of CAF are the simplification of the system of registration and taxation of natural persons-subjects of entrepreneurial activity, the necessity to take certification for the category recognition and less funding for activities.
In order to identify the competitiveness of CAF in the regions of Ukraine, the following study on their total number is conducted. In the comparative dynamics for 2018-2019, the number of CAF increased by 35 un., which is 2,2 % (Table 2). However, for the period from 2018 to 2020, there is a decrease in the number of CAF by -254 un. (16 %). The main reasons for this are the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and uncertainty in the further situation development, falling incomes of population as a result of economic crisis, respectively, hotel companies are suffering losses and reformatting.
Ensuring ecologically safe conditions of environment is a relevant and necessary trend in the hotel enterprises development. Adherence to the permissible limits of toxic substances influence on health is an important task of public safety (Ilyin et al., 2020). Ecological issues are at the forefront of the International Hotel and Restaurant Association (IHRA) activity. Uneven loading of CAF depends on many factors. One of the main among them is an unreasoned policy of local self-government bodies and state authorities.
The scope of room fund in Ukraine tends to increase: in 2018 and 2019 it was 39 589 and 39 634 rooms. In 2019, in Ivano-Frankivska and Lvivska regions, the total number of rooms was 2 120 and 5 677, which is 36 and 35 un. more than in 2018 (Table 3, Pic. 4). However, for the period from 2018 to 2020, a decrease in the number of rooms in hotels and similar accommodation means was observed, from 39 589 to 37 497 un., which is -2 092 un. (5,3 %).

Conclusions and discussion of results
Consequently, the study finds out that reducing the demand for services of hotel enterprises in crisis circumstances is the main problem of hotel business development. The effective enlargement of hotel enterprises requires a powerful analytical system, which should be based on official statistics for management decisions initiation.
The decrease of CAF, hotels, the number of rooms and foreign tourists who stayed in them is noticed. However, in Ukraine, the scope of room fund tends to increase, particularly, in Lvivska, Odeska, Kyivska and Ivano-Frankivska regions.
It is necessary to develop infrastructure, improve the quality of services and expand their range in accordance with consumers' requirements, and with the use of advanced technologies, as well as to introduce innovation and project support for hotel enterprises development, to attract investments in economic sectors growth, increase population solvency. Double standards, lack of significant management decisions, a considerable payback period of hotel enterprises in comparison with other real estate sectors hinder the development of the country's hotel potential. The research showed insignificant investment activity in Ukrainian hotel business development, due to the difference in non-compliance of standards observed in Ukraine with world services, the inconsistency of service quality to price paid by guests in COVID-19 pandemic circumstances. For the hotel business progress in Ukraine, it is necessary to introduce the experience of foreign countries, which will ensure the maximum level of management. It is vehemently to create appropriate conditions for the association of hotels in the network, and to form integration units. These processes will enable the search for optimal management methods and cooperation in the network, which will help to obtain the best management results in the hotel business maintenance.
Prospects for further studies are the elaboration of offers for regulatory and legal support for the activities of CAF and hotel enterprises. Issues, related to the study of the classification of economic activities types (CEAT/KVED) remain relevant, taking into account the fact that the classifier is an important source of information and analysis of capital investments which characterise the hotel business in Ukraine.